Pengaruh Penambahan Pegagan (Centela asiatica (L.) Urban) Terhadap Daya Terima dan Mutu Kerupuk

Abstract

Pegagan merupakan tanaman yang mengandung senyawa-senyawa yang baik untuk kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisik (warna, daya kembang, daya patah), tingkat kesukaan (rasa, warna, dan kerenyahan), mutu hedonik (rasa dan kerenyahan) dan sifat kimia (protein, lemak, kadar air, kadar abu, serat kasar, asam asiatik) kerupuk pegagan dengan penambahan pegagan 10%, 20% dan 30%, serta mengetahui formula terbaik kerupuk pegagan. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan dua kali pengulangan. Data hasil analisis diuji secara statistik menggunakan uji ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s. Perlakuan terbaik ditentukan menggunakan metode indeks efektivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan kimia yang terdapat pada pegagan yaitu protein 4,05%, lemak 0,35%, air 85,46%, abu 6,064%, serat kasar 8,89%, asam asiatik 63,7% (mg/100g). Perbedaan formulasi kerupuk pegagan berpengaruh terhadap sifat fisik (warna, daya kembang dan daya patah), uji kesukaan, uji mutu hedonik, dan sifat kimia (protein, lemak, kadar air, kadar abu, serat kasar, asam asiatik). Formula terbaik yang diperoleh yaitu kerupuk pegagan dengan penambahan pegagan 10%. Sifat fisik warna yang diperoleh yaitu warna tingkat kecerahan (L) 66,110, warna tingkat kemerahan (a+) +4,605, warna tingkat kekuningan (b+) +60,085, daya kembang 558,856 dan daya patah 0,02355. Tingkat Kesukaan rasa sebesar 3,83, tingkat kesukaan warna sebesar 3,57, tingkat kesukaan kerenyahan sebesar 4. Mutu hedonik rasa sebesar 4,29, mutu hedonik kerenyahan sebesar 4,19. Sifat kimia yang diperoleh yaitu protein 6,07%, lemak 0,5%, kadar air 9,04%, kadar abu 2,35%, serat kasar 1,34%, asam asiatik 0,42 (mg/ 100 g).

Centella asiatica is a plant which has good compounds for health. This research aim to know physical feature (color, expand power and fracture power), predilection level (taste, color and crispy), quality of hedonism (taste and crispy) and chemistry feature (protein, fat, water level, ash level, fiber crude and asiatic acid) Centella asiatica crackers by adding Centela Asiatica 10%, 20% and 30% and also knowing the best formula of Centella asiatica crackers as wel. This research was conducted using completely randomized design with three different treatments and twice repetition. The data of the analysis result was examined statistically using ANOVA test and Duncan’s test. The best treatment was then determined by using method of effectiveness index. The finding showed that the chemical contents in Centella asiatica were protein 4,05%, fat 0,35%, water 85.46%, sawdust 6.064%, fiber crude 8.89% and asiatic acid 63.7 (mg/100g). The difference of Centella asiatica crackers formulation influential toward physical feature (color, expand power and fracture power), predilection test, quality of hedonism test and proximat analysis (protein, fat, water level, sawdust level, fiber crude, asiatik acid). The Addition of 10% Centella asiatica was being the best formula which was acquired. Phisycal feature of color which was acquired the color of brightness level (L) 66.110, the color of florid level (a+) +4.605, the color of yellowish (b+) +60.085, expand power 558.856, fracture power 0.02355. The level of taste predilection was 3.83, the level of color predilection was 3.57, the level of crispy predilection was 4. The hedonism quality of taste was 4.29, the hedonism quality of crispy was 4.19. Chemistry feature were protein 6.07%, fat 0.5%, water level 9.04%, ash level2.35%, fiber crude 1.34%, asiatic acid 0.42(mg/100g).